Tattoo inks in general usage contain nanoparticles.
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND To our knowledge tattooing has never been thought of as a method of introducing nanoparticles (NPs) into the human body by the intradermal route, and as such it has never been a topic of research in nanotoxicology. The content of NPs in tattoo inks is unknown. OBJECTIVES To classify the particle sizes in tattoo inks in general usage. METHODS The particle size was measured by laser diffraction, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. RESULTS The size of the pigments could be divided into three main classes. The black pigments were the smallest, the white pigments the largest and the coloured pigments had a size in between the two. The vast majority of the tested tattoo inks contained significant amounts of NPs except for the white pigments. The black pigments were almost pure NPs, i.e. particles with at least one dimension <100 nm. CONCLUSIONS The finding of NPs in tattoo inks in general usage is new and may contribute to the understanding of tattoo ink kinetics. How the body responds to NP tattoo pigments should be examined further.
منابع مشابه
Tattoo ink nanoparticles in skin tissue and fibroblasts
Tattooing has long been practised in various societies all around the world and is becoming increasingly common and widespread in the West. Tattoo ink suspensions unquestionably contain pigments composed of nanoparticles, i.e., particles of sub-100 nm dimensions. It is widely acknowledged that nanoparticles have higher levels of chemical activity than their larger particle equivalents. However,...
متن کاملMicrobial status and product labelling of 58 original tattoo inks.
BACKGROUND European Council resolutions on tattoo ink introduce sterility and preservation of inks to protect customers. Inks used in Denmark are typically purchased over the internet from international suppliers and manufacturers from the US and the UK. In Denmark tattoo inks are regulated and labelled according to REACH as if they were plain chemicals. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study ...
متن کاملThe histopathologic spectrum of decorative tattoo complications.
Tattooing for ornamental purposes is an ancient practice that remains popular in modern times. Tattoos are encountered by the dermatopathologist either as incidental findings on skin biopsies or because of complications specific to the tattoo. A range of neoplasms and inflammatory conditions are seen in association with tattoos, many of which may be attributed to hypersensitivity to tattoo inks...
متن کاملIdentification of organic pigments in tattoo inks and permanent
Nowadays, about 12% of the European and 20% of the US population are tattooed. Rising concerns regarding consumer safety, led to legal restrictions on tattoo inks and permanent make-up (PMU) inks. Restrictions also include bans on certain hazardous colourants. Both ink types use organic pigments for colour-giving, plus inorganic pigments for white and black and colour tones. Pigments are only s...
متن کاملIn vitro quantitative chemical analysis of tattoo pigments.
BACKGROUND The composition of cosmetic tattoos might prove relevant to their treatment by high-powered lasers. OBJECTIVES To test the accuracy and completeness of information supplied by the tattoo ink manufacturers and to perform an elemental assay of tattoo pigments using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. DESIGN Samples of 30 tattoo inks were examined usi...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The British journal of dermatology
دوره 165 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011